{"id":97,"date":"2020-08-14T18:15:52","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T23:15:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.brezeale.com\/?p=97"},"modified":"2023-10-05T17:56:12","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T22:56:12","slug":"vi-vim-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.brezeale.com\/?p=97","title":{"rendered":"vi\/vim notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

I first created and posted these notes online on May 28, 2002. They may be the most useful thing I ever do. I collected most of these over the years from several sources, but I can’t give proper credit since those links are all dead now.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Changing Text<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
cc<\/span><\/td>\r\n change a line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
C<\/span><\/td>\r\n change from current cursor position to the end-of-line <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
cw<\/span><\/td>\r\n change from current cursor position to the end of the word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
J<\/span><\/td>\r\n joins the next line to the current line (inserts a space between the two) <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
gJ<\/span><\/td>\r\n joins the next line to the current line (without a space) <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:12,24j<\/span><\/td>\r\n join lines 12 thru 24, leaving a space between each line. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
~<\/span><\/td>\r\n switch lower and upper cases<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
r<\/span><\/td>\r\n replace the current character with the next character typed<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
4rx<\/span><\/td>\r\n replace next four characters with “x”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
R<\/span><\/td>\r\n overwrite until <esc><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
s<\/span><\/td>\r\n substitute the current character and go into insert mode. \r\n Same as “rxi <ESC><\/span>“<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
S<\/span><\/td>\r\n substitute the current line, erase it, and go into insert \r\n mode, starting at the indentation of the line. Same as “cc”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
>><\/span><\/td>\r\n shift current line forward<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
3>><\/span><\/td>\r\n shift three lines forward<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
>%<\/span><\/td>\r\n shift all lines until a matching brace or parenthesis<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
>}<\/span><\/td>\r\n shift to the end of the paragraph<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
>’m<\/span><\/td>\r\n shift to the marked line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
<<<\/span><\/td>\r\n shift current line backward<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
vEU<\/td>\r\n change from here to end of word to uppercase<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
vEu<\/td>\r\n change from here to end of word to lowercase<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Copying and Pasting<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

<\/tbody> \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
yl<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank (copy) current character<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
yn<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank n characters<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
yw<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank the current word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
yy<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
Y<\/td>\r\n yank a line, same as “yy”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
nyy<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank n lines of text<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
y$<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank to end of line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
y)<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank to the end of the sentence<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
y’x<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank from current line to the mark x<\/span> \r\n (use mx<\/span> to mark as x<\/span>)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
y\/word<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank from current position to "word"<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
“ay’m<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank from here to the mark. Place this into the named buffer \r\n “a”. This will also allow one to switch files using the “:e fn” or “:n \r\n fn” command and then place the buffer back.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
“ayy<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank current line into buffer a. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
“a3Y<\/span><\/td>\r\n yank three lines, place into buffer “a”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
“A3Y<\/span><\/td>\r\n append 3 lines, place into “a”. This allows one to build \r\n up a buffer.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
“ap<\/span><\/td>\r\n paste the contents of “a” back, below current line.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
"zyy
\r\n @z<\/span> <\/td>\r\n

"zyy<\/span> places the highlighted text into buffer z<\/span>; @z<\/span> will run the contents of buffer z<\/span>. This allows a search pattern to be written in the document and then reused.<\/p><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n

p<\/span><\/td>\r\n paste to the right of the cursor<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
P<\/span><\/td>\r\n paste to the left of the cursor<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Deleting<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
x<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete the character under the cursor<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
dd<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
d^<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete from current cursor position to the beginning of \r\n the line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
d$<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete from current cursor position to the end of the line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
dw<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete from current cursor position to the end of the word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
d3w<\/td>\r\n delete three words<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
3dd<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete three lines<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
d\/word<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete until you find word<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
dfx<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete from here until the character “x”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
D<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete everything to the end of the current line (same as d$<\/span>) <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
3dd<\/span><\/td>\r\n delete everything to the end of the current line and the following 2 lines <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
u<\/span><\/td>\r\n undo deletion<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
U<\/td>\r\n undo the line you just changed<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Inserting<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
i<\/span><\/td>\r\n insert at the current character<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
I<\/span><\/td>\r\n insert at the beginning of the current line<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
20I <ESC><\/span><\/td>\r\n insert 20 dashes (-) at the beginning of the line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
a<\/span><\/td>\r\n append to the right of the current character<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
A<\/span><\/td>\r\n append at the end of the current line<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
o<\/span><\/td>\r\n insert a new line immediately following the current line<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
O<\/span><\/td>\r\n insert a new line immediately before the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Moving<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
h<\/span><\/td>\r\n move the cursor one character to the left<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
j<\/span><\/td>\r\n move the cursor one character down<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
k<\/span><\/td>\r\n move the cursor one character up<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
l<\/span><\/td>\r\n move the cursor one character to the right<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
0<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor to the beginning of the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
$<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor to the end of the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
w<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor forward a word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
3w<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor forward three words<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
W<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor forward, ignoring punctuation <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
b<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor back a word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
B<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor back a word, ignoring punctuation<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
e<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor to the end of the word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
E<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor to the end of the word, ignoring punctuation<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
G<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor to the last line of the file<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
nG<\/span><\/td>\r\n move cursor to the beginning of line n<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
1G<\/span><\/td>\r\n move to the first line of a file<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
n|<\/span><\/td>\r\n moves the cursor to the beginning of column n<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
f<\/span><\/td>\r\n find a character in the line, forward <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
fa<\/span><\/td>\r\n find the character “a” in the line, forward <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
2fa<\/span><\/td>\r\n find the second occurrence of “a” in the line, forward <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
F<\/span><\/td>\r\n find a character in the line, backward <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
Fz<\/span><\/td>\r\n find the character “z” in the line, backward<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
t<\/span><\/td>\r\n find up to a character in the line, forward <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
)<\/span><\/td>\r\n jump to the next sentence<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
}<\/span><\/td>\r\n jump to the next paragraph<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
]<\/span><\/td>\r\n jump to the next section<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
%<\/span><\/td>\r\n find matching brace or parenthesis<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
^b<\/span><\/td>\r\n scroll backwards one page. A count scrolls that many pages \r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
^f<\/span><\/td>\r\n scroll forwards one page. A count scrolls that many pages<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
^u<\/span><\/td>\r\n scroll up half a screen<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
^d<\/span><\/td>\r\n scroll down half a screen<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
z <enter><\/span><\/td>\r\n put current line at top of screen<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
z.<\/span><\/td>\r\n put current line at middle of screen<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
z-<\/span><\/td>\r\n put current line at bottom of screen<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
m<\/span><\/td>\r\n start a mark, the next character is the name, \r\n any character from a-z<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
ma<\/span><\/td>\r\n mark this spot with the character “a”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
‘a<\/span><\/td>\r\n return to the line marked “a”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
`a<\/span><\/td>\r\n return to the character marked “a”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
”<\/span><\/td>\r\n return to previous line (auto-mark)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
“<\/span><\/td>\r\n return to previous character (auto-mark)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Search and Replace<\/strong><\/p>

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
\/word<\/span><\/td>\r\n search forward for word<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
?word<\/span><\/td>\r\n search backward for word<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
?word?z.<\/span><\/td>\r\n 
search forward for word<\/span>, put line at the middle of screen<\/pre><\/td>\r\n    <\/tr>\r\n
n<\/span><\/td>\r\n jump forward to next occurance of word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
N<\/span><\/td>\r\n jump backward to next occurance of word<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
*<\/span><\/td>\r\n search forward for word under cursor (vim)<\/b><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
#<\/span><\/td>\r\n search backward for word under cursor (vim)<\/b><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
g*<\/span><\/td>\r\n search forward for word under cursor (partial match) (vim) \r\n <\/b><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
g#<\/span><\/td>\r\n search backward for word under cursor (partial match) (vim) \r\n <\/b><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:noh<\/span><\/td>\r\n stop highlighting the word that was searched for<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:s\/old\/new\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n replaces first occurence of old<\/span> with new<\/span> on current \r\n line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:s\/old\/new\/g<\/span><\/td>\r\n globally replaces old<\/span> with new<\/span> on current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/old\/new\/g<\/span><\/td>\r\n globally replaces old<\/span> with new<\/span> on all lines<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:s\/old\/new\/gc<\/span><\/td>\r\n confirms replacements<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/^V^M\/\/g<\/span><\/td>\r\n globally remove DOS carriage returns<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/,\/^V^M\/g<\/span> \r\n

<\/p> <\/td>\r\n

globally replace commas with newlines (yes, I know this \r\n looks like it would insert DOS carriage returns, but it only inserts the newlines on Unix)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/\\s*$\/\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n strip blanks from end of lines<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/^.\\{30}\/\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n remove the first 30 characters from each line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/[ ^I]*$\/!d<\/span><\/td>\r\n remove trailing whitespace (where ^I<\/span> \r\n is produced by pressing the tab key)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/.*\/\\L&\/ <\/span><\/td>\r\n convert the entire file to lowercase. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:s\/.*\/\\u&\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n convert the first character of line to uppercase. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/\\<.\/\\u&\/g \r\n <\/span><\/td>\r\n \r\n

convert the first character of each word to uppercase<\/p>\r\n

\r\n

\\<<\/span> matches the start of a word;
\r\n .<\/span> therefore matches the first character of a word;
\r\n \\u<\/span> tells Vi(m) to uppercase the next character in the substitution \r\n string;
\r\n &<\/span> means substitute whatever was matched on the lhs;<\/p>\r\n <\/blockquote> <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n

:s\/book{.\/\\L&\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n convert the first character after the { to lowercase.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:’x,.s\/\\([a-z]\\)=\/\\1 \r\n =\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n replace any lowercase character in the alphabet followed \r\n by an equal sign with the same character followed by a space and an equal \r\n sign, e.g., book= >> book =<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
::%s\/\\(That\\) or \r\n \\(this\\)\/\\2 or \\1\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n change "that or this" to "this or that"<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
::%s\/\\(^\\\\foilhead{\\(.*\\)}\\)\/
\r\n %\\1^M\\\\section{\\2}\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n 		comment out each line beginning with ‘\\foilhead’ and replace \r\n with a line beginning with ‘\\section’; note the nested backreferences \r\n for keeping the rest of the line the same<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
::%s\/\\(.*\\)\/<a \r\n href="\\1">\\1<\\\/a>\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n add HTML tags for references to files<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:s\/ \\(\\d\\{1,2}\\)\\.\\(\\d\\{1,2}\\)\\(.*\\)\/<a \r\n href="\\1-\\2.sh">\\1.\\2\\3<\\\/a> <\/span> <\/td>\r\n \r\n

change a line of the form
\r\n        1.1 \r\n Accessing Substring<\/span>
\r\n to
\r\n        <a \r\n href="1-1.sh">1.1 Accessing Substrings<\/a> <\/span> <\/p> <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n

:’x,.s:^\\([^ ]\\+\\) \\(.*\\):
<\\1>\\1 \\2<\\\/\\1><br>:<\/p> <\/td>\r\n

\r\n

change a line of the form
\r\n        KBD used for text to be typed by the user<\/span>
\r\n to
\r\n        <KBD>KBD used for text to be typed by the user<\/KBD><br><\/span><\/p>\r\n

Colons are used here instead of the usual slashes for separating the ‘find’ and ‘replace’ parts. The part ^\\([^ ]\\+\\)<\/span> finds all of the characters up to the first space and saves them for use in the ‘replace’ part as \\1<\/span>.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n

:’x,.s\/^\/#\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n insert a pound sign (#) at the beginning of the line from \r\n the line marked with mx to the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%s\/word1\\nword2\/\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n remove word1<\/span> from the end of a line and word2<\/span> from the beginning of the next line; \\n<\/span> represents the newline between the two <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:&<\/span><\/td>\r\n repeat previous substitution<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:<up arrow><\/span><\/td>\r\n recall : history<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:g\/string\/d<\/span><\/td>\r\n deletes every line that contains string<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:g\/\\.c\/+|s\/^\/\\.cc\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n look for all “.c” commands, jump to next line, substitute \r\n the beginning of line with “.cc”.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:g\/^\\..*\/|s\/\/\\U&\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n convert all characters at beginning of line that start with \r\n a “.” to upper case.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:v\/string\/d<\/span><\/td>\r\n deletes every line that does not contain string<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
\r\n

:g\/.*\/m0<\/span><\/p> <\/td>\r\n

This will reverse the order of the lines in \r\n the current file. m0 is the ex command to move the line to line 0. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
\r\n

:v\/.\/d or :g\/^$\/d <\/span><\/p> <\/td>\r\n

Remove all blank lines. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:g\/^\\s*$\/d<\/span><\/td>\r\n Removes all lines that only have whitespace.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:v\/.\/.,\/.\/-1join \r\n <\/span><\/td>\r\n Replaces multiple blank lines with just one blank line. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Options<\/strong><\/p>

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
:se \r\n ai<\/span><\/td>\r\n autoindent (unset with :se \r\n noai<\/span>)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se ff=unix<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n set fileformat to unix<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
set fileencoding=utf-8 <\/span><\/td>\r\n change from Unicode to ASCII<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se ic <\/span><\/td>\r\n ignore case when searching<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se \r\n list <\/span><\/td>\r\n display tabs and carriage returns<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se \r\n nu <\/span><\/td>\r\n display line numbers in the file. They are not actually \r\n in the file. (unset with :se nonu<\/span>)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se \r\n sm<\/span><\/td>\r\n show matching brace or parenthesis while inserting \r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se \r\n smd<\/span><\/td>\r\n display the mode<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se \r\n sw=2 <\/span><\/td>\r\n set shifting to 2 spaces <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:se \r\n tabstop=4<\/span><\/td>\r\n set tabs to 4 spaces <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
^^D<\/span><\/td>\r\n turn off autoindent for current line, resume \r\n same place for the next line (up carrot and control-D)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
0^D<\/span><\/td>\r\n reset the autoindent, start at the left margin<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Using External Programs<\/strong><\/p>

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
!cmd<\/span><\/td>\r\n execute an external program called cmd<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!!cmd<\/span><\/td>\r\n execute an external program, replacing the output with the \r\n results <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!$<\/span><\/td>\r\n send from here to the end-of-line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!L<\/span><\/td>\r\n send from here to the last line of screen<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!23G<\/span><\/td>\r\n send from here to line 23<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!\/word<\/span><\/td>\r\n send from here until you find “word”<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!)<\/span><\/td>\r\n send from here until the next sentence <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!}<\/span><\/td>\r\n send from here until the next paragraph <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!!date<\/span><\/td>\r\n adds the date<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!!cut -c41-<\/span><\/td>\r\n cut the first 40 characters from a file<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
3!!sort <\/span><\/td>\r\n send three lines to sort<\/span>, \r\n and return the output<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!Grev <\/span><\/td>\r\n send from here to the end of file to the “rev<\/span>” \r\n command; the results will reverse the characters in each line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
!}sort<\/span><\/td>\r\n sends from the current line until the first blank line to \r\n sort<\/span> <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:’x,.!sort<\/span><\/td>\r\n will sort from the line marked with mx to the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:r !ll<\/span><\/td>\r\n read the output of an “ll<\/span>” command, and put it after the \r\n current line. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:’t,’b !spell<\/span><\/td>\r\n check spelling from mark t<\/span> to mark b<\/span> <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:’t,. !awk ‘{print \r\n $3 ” ” $2 ” ” $1}’<\/span><\/td>\r\n reverse the order of three columns<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:%! sed G <\/span><\/td>\r\n double space the entire file.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:1,5! sed G<\/span><\/td>\r\n double space the lines from 1-5<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:’x,.!sed ‘\/^$\/d’<\/span><\/td>\r\n remove the blank lines from mark x<\/span> to the current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>

\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
^g<\/span><\/td>\r\n give file name, status, current line number and relative \r\n position<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
^l<\/span><\/td>\r\n refresh the screen (sometimes `^P<\/span>‘ or `^R<\/span>‘)<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
^v<\/span><\/td>\r\n visual mode. in Windows, Ctrl-v<\/span> is mapped to paste text. Use Ctrl-q<\/span> instead \r\n (vim)<\/b><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
.<\/span><\/td>\r\n repeat latest command<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
&<\/span><\/td>\r\n repeat latest `ex’ substitute command, e.g. :s\/wrong\/good\/<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:ab lg longer<\/span><\/td>\r\n create an abbreviation. Whenever lg<\/span> is typed, it will be replaced with longer<\/span>.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
vi +\/string filename<\/span><\/td>\r\n start vi, jumping to the first occurrence of string<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
vi -r filename<\/span><\/td>\r\n recovers an open file after a crash<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
vi `cat somefile`<\/span><\/td>\r\n open a list of files that are in the file somefile<\/span><\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:r filename<\/span><\/td>\r\n insert file filename<\/span>, \r\n placing its contents after current line<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:1,4w filename<\/span><\/td>\r\n write lines 1 through 4 to filename<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:e filename<\/span><\/td>\r\n edit filename<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:f filename<\/span><\/td>\r\n change current file name to filename<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:n<\/span><\/td>\r\n edit next file<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:sh<\/span><\/td>\r\n call up the shell, run commands until a ^d (CONTROL-d), \r\n then return to editing<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:vi<\/span><\/td>\r\n VI MODE. Used if “Q” is pressed, or called up ex, and now \r\n wish to use the visual mode<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
 <\/td>\r\n In Insert mode, press the Ctrl-p<\/span> or Ctrl-n<\/span> key to complete \r\n part of a word that has been typed. This is useful for entering function names. <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
:<up arrow><\/span><\/td>\r\n recall : history<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I first created and posted these notes online on May 28, 2002. They may be the most useful thing I ever do. I collected most of these over the years from several sources, but I can’t give proper credit since those links are all dead now. Changing Text cc change a line C change from current cursor position to the end-of-line cw change from current cursor position to the end of the word J joins the next line to the…<\/p>\n

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